Interictal spikes in focal epileptogenesis
Identifieur interne : 000C00 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000B99; suivant : 000C01Interictal spikes in focal epileptogenesis
Auteurs : Marco De Curtis [Italie] ; Giuliano Avanzini [Italie]Source :
- Progress in Neurobiology [ 0301-0082 ] ; 2001.
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Abstract
Interictal electroencephalography (EEG) potentials in focal epilepsies are sustained by synchronous paroxysmal membrane depolarization generated by assemblies of hyperexcitable neurons. It is currently believed that interictal spiking sets a condition that preludes to the onset of an ictal discharge. Such an assumption is based on little experimental evidence. Human pre-surgical studies and recordings in chronic and acute models of focal epilepsy showed that: (i) interictal spikes (IS) and ictal discharges are generated by different populations of neuron through different cellular and network mechanisms; (ii) the cortical region that generates IS (irritative area) does not coincide with the ictal-onset area; (iii) IS frequency does not increase before a seizure and is enhanced just after an ictal event; (iv) spike suppression is found to herald ictal discharges; and (v) enhancement of interictal spiking suppresses ictal events. Several experimental evidences indicate that the highly synchronous cellular discharge associated with an IS is generated by a multitude of mechanisms involving synaptic and non-synaptic communication between neurons. The synchronized neuronal discharge associated with a single IS induces and is followed by a profound and prolonged refractory period sustained by inhibitory potentials and by activity-dependent changes in the ionic composition of the extracellular space. Post-spike depression may be responsible for pacing interictal spiking periodicity commonly observed in both animal models and human focal epilepsies. It is proposed that the strong after-inhibition produced by IS protects against the occurrence of ictal discharges by maintaining a low level of excitation in a general condition of hyperexcitability determined by the primary epileptogenic dysfunction.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0301-0082(00)00026-5
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It is currently believed that interictal spiking sets a condition that preludes to the onset of an ictal discharge. Such an assumption is based on little experimental evidence. Human pre-surgical studies and recordings in chronic and acute models of focal epilepsy showed that: (i) interictal spikes (IS) and ictal discharges are generated by different populations of neuron through different cellular and network mechanisms; (ii) the cortical region that generates IS (irritative area) does not coincide with the ictal-onset area; (iii) IS frequency does not increase before a seizure and is enhanced just after an ictal event; (iv) spike suppression is found to herald ictal discharges; and (v) enhancement of interictal spiking suppresses ictal events. Several experimental evidences indicate that the highly synchronous cellular discharge associated with an IS is generated by a multitude of mechanisms involving synaptic and non-synaptic communication between neurons. The synchronized neuronal discharge associated with a single IS induces and is followed by a profound and prolonged refractory period sustained by inhibitory potentials and by activity-dependent changes in the ionic composition of the extracellular space. Post-spike depression may be responsible for pacing interictal spiking periodicity commonly observed in both animal models and human focal epilepsies. It is proposed that the strong after-inhibition produced by IS protects against the occurrence of ictal discharges by maintaining a low level of excitation in a general condition of hyperexcitability determined by the primary epileptogenic dysfunction.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li></country><region><li>Lombardie</li></region><settlement><li>Milan</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Italie"><region name="Lombardie"><name sortKey="De Curtis, Marco" sort="De Curtis, Marco" uniqKey="De Curtis M" first="Marco" last="De Curtis">Marco De Curtis</name></region><name sortKey="Avanzini, Giuliano" sort="Avanzini, Giuliano" uniqKey="Avanzini G" first="Giuliano" last="Avanzini">Giuliano Avanzini</name><name sortKey="De Curtis, Marco" sort="De Curtis, Marco" uniqKey="De Curtis M" first="Marco" last="De Curtis">Marco De Curtis</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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